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Today email is one of the most common forms of communication. The internet is prevalent everywhere. With the help of smart devices, it is very convenient for anyone to communicate with emails from anywhere. Like letter writing, email writing, both formal and informal, also has a certain format. By learning the correct format of writing an email you can save yourself from awkwardness in many situations.

How to write an email

Before differentiating between formal and informal email writing, you should know how to write an email. You must first consider your audience. You will decide on the salutation and tone of your email based on your audience. For example, if you are writing to your business partner, then you must use a formal tone and choose words carefully. However, if you are writing an email to a friend then you can use an informal approach. You should write the subject of your email in the subject line. Then start the email with a greeting. The later parts of your email should mention the issues you want to discuss or convey a message. They have a simple closing.

Formal vs informal email

There are several differences between writing a formal and an informal email which includes both language and structural changes. The general templates of these emails have some common features. For example, both have the recipient's name and address, subject line, greetings, detailed context, and closing. However, there are differences in how you write each section of the email. Here we will discuss in detail them.

Recipient

In the case of both formal and informal email, you should write down the address of the recipient carefully. Make sure the spelling is ok so that your email reaches the intended person.

Subject line

A subject line is a must in formal email, otherwise, your email may go unnoticed. Also, it shows that you are unprofessional. It can be a short phrase saying why you are writing. If you are writing an email for marketing purposes then the subject line must grab attention. If you are writing to your boss or colleague then the subject line must show that your email is important. In the case of informal emails, you may choose to skip the subject line. Still, it's a good practice to use it.

Tone

You must maintain professionalism and clarity when writing a formal email. Try using a polite tone rather than a harsh one, even if you are writing an email to your junior colleague. In the greetings section, you should use a formal tone in case of a formal email. In informal emails, you can use slang.

Language

The language of a formal email is polished. You should not use contractions, slang, or casual words. If you don't know the gender of the recipient, then use non-gender words.

Greetings

In a formal email, you must include a formal greeting, like 'Dear Sir', 'Dear Mr. Jake', or 'Good Morning'. Nowadays, you don't have to be that formal even when writing official emails, like starting the email with a simple 'Hi'. When you have multiple threads to the same email, you can stop using greetings; however, it's always better to use one. In case of an informal email, you can say 'Hey buddy', or 'Yo Man'.

Discuss important things

After the greeting, you must start writing about the important context. If necessary, you must start with background information so the recipient knows what you are talking about and why. Then discuss the matter and write about your intention of writing the email. Unless required, try to make your message brief as everyone is busy today and many people will ignore long emails with unnecessary details. If you want the recipient to take any action after reading your email then mention that specifically.

Complimentary closer

In a formal email, you must include a polite and short closing; for example, 'Thank you for your consideration', or 'Looking forward to hearing from you'. You can have an open-ended statement to keep room for further communication.

Email Signature

It is professional to have an email signature when you are writing a formal email. You can set it up automatically in your email software and include your name, job title, and contact details. If you are writing to someone for the first time, then that person will learn about you just by looking at your email signature. In an informal email, you can just write your name in short.

Enclosures

You may include attachments to both formal and informal emails. In the case of formal emails, mention in the body of your email that you have included an attachment so that the recipient doesn't miss them. You must write 'Please find the files attached', or something similar. In informal emails, most people send pictures as attachments. You can directly mention your photos in the subject line or the email body.

Use email templates

You may write a formal letter to your boss, colleague, or business partner for resignation, job application, complaints, business proposals, and other reasons. There is a specific format for each type of these formal letters and many organizations or professionals want you to follow the standard format so that they get the right information. You can use the various formal email templates found online to help you write such an email. In the case of informal email, you don't need to bother about any specific format. Be mindful when writing your email. Even when you are writing an informal email to your friend or family member don't use any offensive words. In both types of emails, you must try to keep the message straightforward.

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Testing

Do you think crafting poems and stories is not your thing? Then think again! With some simple rules and techniques even you can create wonderful stories and poems that others will read and appreciate.

Writing poems

You can express your emotions or tell stories through poetry. However, poetry is different from other forms of writing. Poetry includes sound, rhythm, and format. Have you ever thought about why poems are read aloud? They are most impactful when they are read aloud because of the use of words and phrases that highlight images or thoughts. Poets use alliteration, consonance, and assonance in poetry to make them sound beautiful. Poetry is similar to music as it has rhythm. Its rhythmic structure is called a meter which indicates the syllables in each line. You can use stressed and unstressed syllables to create rhythm in your poetry. Repetition is another technique you can use to create rhythm. Rhyming sentences make poems enjoyable to recite. The audiences also have a pleasurable experience. It is not necessary for the end of a sentence to rhyme in every alternating line. You can choose to rhyme any part of the sentence. In terms of format, a poem is quite different than prose. You will notice that the sentences end differently, words have various arrangements and blank lines appear in between sentences. In a poem, a paragraph is called a stanza. You can write a poem consisting of similar length stanzas or different lengths. You should know the different forms of poems before you decide to write one. You can choose from sonnet, ode, limerick, and others. To write a good poem you must be an expert in using literary devices. These improve your writing extensively. The common literary devices include simile, metaphor, figurative language, alliteration, juxtaposition, onomatopoeia, imagery, personification, hyperbole, and more. You should practice freewriting to search for a good topic for your poetry. Then you need to choose the format, words, rhythm, and rhymes carefully to craft your poem. You must edit your poem. Don't rush; take time to look into every word for improvement. You should read the poem aloud to find faults in your poem.

Writing stories

Just like writing poems, you must be very creative to write compelling stories. You must take time to research the topic or theme of your story. The format of a story is very different from that of poetry. A story has a setting, plot, characters, and conflict. To write a story you should first decide on the genre; that is, whether you want to write a humorous, tragic, romantic, science fiction, or crime story. You need to find an inspiration to come up with a good story. You can take inspiration from your personal life events or from that of society. You must brainstorm to find several ideas from which you can choose one. Once you have decided on the theme or topic, you must create an outline of the story. Simply create a basic framework and mention how you want to craft the story. You should start your story with something appealing or startling. You must grip your readers with your opening paragraph. Then carefully present the plot and characters. Understandably provide links between characters. A good story gives the reader a good experience reading and also leaves a lasting impression. Just like poetry, you must revise and edit your story as well. If possible, ask a friend to read your story and provide feedback. Sometimes, others' opinions add value to the story. To write a poem or story, you must have an open mind. You should read lots of different types of stories and poems to learn the writing styles of famous writers and poets. It's all about practice and continuous learning.

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Testing

Is 6 months enough time to learn English? You bet it is! With sincere practice, dedication, and patience you can learn English within six months. Here are some tips for being fluent in English within 6 months.

Set goals

When you are planning to achieve something, the first thing you need to do is set clear goals. Think about why you want to learn English, whether it's for academics, travel, or job purposes. Then divide this main goal into small parts. For example, your goal for the first month would be to learn the common phrases for greetings/ The goals must be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound, i.e. SMART. These goals will help you to observe your progress so that you know whether you are on track or falling behind. You can then take action accordingly.

Make a study plan

You must follow a routine every day to practice English. So, make a study plan and stick to it. Allocate specific time for studying grammar, pronunciation, listening exercises, and vocabulary. Set up more study time for the area you are weak in. Other than finding time for practicing exercise, you need to spend sometime reading story books or watching movies.

Have an immersive learning experience

As the time is short, you should have an immersive learning journey. This is much more effective than reading books or solving past papers. You can change your study room for a few days and go to a new environment. This will boost your mood and you will feel like studying. To practice English speaking, go to a park with your friend and practice conversations. If you do not feel like studying grammar in this gloomy weather, go to your favorite coffee shop and try practicing some exercises there.

Engage with different media

You can plug in your latest sound system to listen to different podcasts, music, radio programs, or discussions. You should try to understand the lyrics. You can watch movies or TV shows. Watching movies can improve your English noticeably. Try to watch American, British, Canadian, and Australian movies to find out the differences in accents. You can also watch a Hollywood movie with a cowboy story to hear that unique accent. You will hear many slang and idioms in the movies; try to find out their meanings.

Read magazines, newspapers, and storybooks

With 6 months in hand, you shouldn't miss a single day practicing something or other. At the same time, you should read newspapers, magazines, and blogs. These are powerhouses of information and can help you to learn the latest global news. In the speaking exam, you may be told to describe an event and the information you get from magazines and newspapers can be very helpful. Reading story books can be helpful in improving your vocabulary and learning various writing styles, use of tense, verbs, etc. Your reading skills will develop considerably.

Practice speaking

With the exam hanging around the corner, you need to find a way to improve your speaking within a short time. Try to find a native speaker and go on a short trip with him or her. As you will be continuously talking to a native person in English during your short stay, you will learn a lot of things about accent, pronunciation, and words. Another trick is to go on a short visit to an English-speaking country and listen to the natives speaking firsthand. It will be a great opportunity to explore their culture too. You must join a conversation group too to practice speaking. There are certain apps that help you find a native speaker to talk to. You can use those apps.

Focus on vocabulary

At first, memorize the most common words that you use every day. Then move on to the more complex ones. When you learn the meaning of a new word, learn the synonym, antonym, and noun or verb as well. That way with every new word you are actually learning 3 to 4 new words. Use flashcards to remember and revise words. There are apps with flashcards. You can use those as well.

Master grammar

Every day learn each chapter of grammar and do the practice exercises. Learn the grammar rules by heart. It is easy to get marks in grammar, but identifying the right rule can be tricky. If you know the rules well then you will be able to answer any difficult question.

Go to English-speaking social gatherings

You can have an enjoyable experience going to social gatherings. Make sure you communicate in English with everyone there. The more you practice speaking English, the more fluent your accent will be.

Practice speaking in front of a mirror

Consider the mirror to be your friend and do a small talk in front of it every day before going to be. That way you won't hesitate to speak up in your natural way and build up confidence in speaking English.

Write journal

To improve your writing skills you must start writing journals every day. You can also start writing a blog on topics you enjoy talking about.

Use technology

You must use the latest apps for English learning. These apps have interesting features to make your English learning process more enjoyable. Technology can help you learn things faster. Just download the apps on your smartphone and revise English grammar and vocabulary on the go. You can use an online translator to learn new words. If you follow this roadmap, you will be able to successfully learn English within six months. You only have to be regular in your studies and practice hard. If you want you can get enrolled in a short English course too. With determination and hard work, you can reach your goal.

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Testing

Starting to learn a new language like English is exciting. However, very few people manage to get to the end of this journey. This is because language learning is a long process and many times you will keep on thinking "Do I need to?" Well, English is a common language that people all over the world speak to some extent. Communication and business take place using this language. So, there's definitely a strong reason to learn this language well. Also, if you decide to study abroad, visit a new place for business, or try your luck with immigration, then you must take an English proficiency test. These tests examine your knowledge of English to ensure that you will be able to achieve your goal in a foreign country. So, if it is so important to learn English, how do you stay motivated till the end? Here are some tips for completing your English learning journey successfully without losing motivation along the way.

Keep reminding yourself of your goal

You have decided to learn English for a purpose. So, keep reminding yourself of the reason for learning English. Try to visualize what will happen after the course. For example, you will get admitted to a foreign university, get a better job, or get a chance to apply for immigration. Aren't these you want in your life? So, you need to be patient and learn English with full attention. Along with the ultimate goal, you must set small goals achievable within a short time as well. It may take time to achieve the long-term goal; but once you achieve the short-term goals, you will develop a positive mindset about your ultimate goal of learning English.

Be consistent

Just like your fitness goal, you need to be consistent with your effort to learn English. You need to have a structured program designed to meet your goals. Try to achieve small goals every day and appreciate your achievements.

Get professional support

It is not easy to study on your own. You must get professional help to learn English. You can eight join a training center or do online courses. Doing something alone can be very painful. So, look for a partner who is willing to spend some time with you practicing speaking and other sections of the English language. You can also join communities and forums consisting of English learners of different levels. You can discuss grammar, punctuation, and other things. Knowing that there are others out there having similar experiences like you will make you stay motivated to do the same.

Use dictionary

Though you can easily find the meaning of a word by typing it in a search engine bar like Google, use a dictionary like the old days. It is very interesting how you look up a word in the dictionary. It's like a treasure hunt. You can find variations of the word like antonyms, synonyms, nouns, and adjectives. You will find examples of how to write a sentence with that word.

Read magazines and newspapers

By reading magazines of your choice you will find interest in learning new terms. For example, if you like sports you can read sports magazines and find out about your favorite team and players. In this magazine, you will find many sports-related terms that you may not be aware of. You will also learn the writing structure of a sports-related article. You will find advertisements inside the magazine. The language used in writing an advertisement is different; it is very persuasive. This will give you an idea about how to write an advertising copy. Newspaper articles are different from that of magazine articles. Here you will be introduced to another style of writing. The words used in the news articles are also different. Another advantage of reading magazines and newspapers is that you will get to know about current affairs. So, if you have to write something in an English proficiency exam or work, you can use the information that is appropriate in writing the content.

Read story books

It can be boring to read a newspaper or magazine every day. You can read crime, romantic, or science fiction books to learn new words and improve your English. When reading story books you will have an immersive experience as you will start to feel the emotions of the characters. You will not realize how your reading skills and vocabulary are improving by reading different story books on a regular basis. Just note down the difficult words and phrases to learn about them.

Watch movies and TV shows

What can be more exciting than watching movies? Hollywood movies are great to watch. Even British movies are also becoming popular. Movies are a great tool to learn pronunciation. When you watch a Hollywood movie and a British movie back to back you will realize how different the accent is.

Roleplay

It's a fun way of practicing English speaking. Get a partner and try role-playing. You can pretend to be a doctor and your partner a patient. Now carry on imaginary conversation with each other. This type of activity will improve your speaking quality and make you more confident.

Use interesting game-based apps

You can use game-based apps to practice your English skills. These games take vocabulary and grammar into consideration. You will have fun and at the same time get the chance to improve your English. There are various ways you can stay motivated when learning English. Tell your family and friends to support you on this journey. Their positive mindset regarding this will help you to overcome any negativity and achieve your goal.

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Testing

One of the best ways to learn English in the modern days is to listen to podcasts. Today you will find podcasts focusing on different sections of the English language, like podcasts for pronunciation or grammar. These podcasts provide a very effective way of remembering new words, using grammatical rules, mastering pronunciation techniques, and speaking like a native. Here you will learn about some of the best podcasts to improve your English.

For pronunciation

Pronunciation is an important aspect of English. If your pronunciation is not right, people won't understand what you are saying. Also, it might create a negative impression on your audience. You must listen to talks given by the natives regularly to get a good grasp of the right pronunciation. Here are some great podcasts for improving your pronunciation.

Luke's English Podcast

Luke is an English teacher at the British Council dedicated to teaching students good English. Through his podcast, Luke helps learners understand English rhythm and sound. He uses idioms and stories to teach English. The podcast is full of entertainment and fun. The audiences of this podcast are intermediate English learners. Besides pronunciation, the content includes vocabulary and grammar. You will develop natural speaking patterns just like the natives by listening to this podcast regularly.

Rock 'N' Roll English

Here you will learn both formal and informal English through cultural insights. You will learn slang too. The podcast features interesting conversations in an informal tone. It is a great podcast to learn everyday spoken English.

6-Minute English

If you are super busy then this podcast is for you. It has bite-size episodes which cover a wide range of topics. You will learn about modern English pronunciation and usage. You can practice pronunciation within a short period.

The English We Speak

This BBC English podcast is for learning everyday English to help us communicate better with each other. You will know about the common expressions and phrases used in everyday settings. Through this podcast, you will learn about the actual application of the English language.

Read Stories – Learn English

This app uses storytelling as a tool to improve pronunciation. You will realize that the pronunciation varies from one story to another; that is, from monologue to dialogue.

For grammar

Learning grammar is not easy. You will need to remember a lot of rules and techniques to write proper grammar. Here are some podcasts recommended for grammar.

FluentU Story English Podcast

This podcast uses a story-driven approach for explaining grammar. It tells the rules and then demonstrate how the grammar rule is used in conversation.

EnglishClass101

This podcast is appropriate for learners from beginner to advance levels. The hosts often act out scenes to make conversations more interesting. You will know about different cultures here. It focuses on grammar, phrases and vocabulary.

For speaking

If you don't know how to speak proper English then you will face a lot of challenges in life. For conducting meetings or motivating your team you need to speak fluent English. Here are some good podcasts to improve your speaking skills.

Podcasts in English

This podcast features speaking English in various settings. It provides short lessons that include conversations between native speakers. The lessons cover a wide range of topics including Winter Olympics, Facebook, and others.

Splendid Speaking

This podcast is meant for advanced-level learners. Each episode comprises discussions and interviews with non-native English language speakers. You will listen to expert feedback in each episode. You will know how the non-native speakers are adjusting to the new language and the mistakes they often make.

Better @ English

In every episode of this podcast, you will see real conversations with native speakers. They talk about various topics. You will hear two people speaking English in a natural setting. You will know about idioms, vocabulary, and common expressions too.

Business English Pod

In this podcast, you will learn about the use of English in business situations. The host has talked about a business topic for some time. You can get the transcript and quizzes of each episode. You will learn how the English-speaking countries conduct business. You will get comprehension and listening practice here. You can learn English by listening to podcasts. When you start off, hear the podcast episodes while doing other things. Your brain will slowly get adjusted to the sound of the podcast. You pay attention the second time. Focus on the expressions and words and see if you can recognize them. If you think that the speaker is talking too fast then you can reduce the volume of the audio to 75%. As you are a learner you may not understand everything said in the podcast. Some podcasts provide the audiences with the transcript. So, if you get one, go through it. Find out new words from the podcast and find their meaning. Write down the words in a notebook and use them in real-life conversations. Schedule a time to watch these podcast episodes. If you are following one, then continue doing so that you don't miss any topic. It is important to revise what you have learned from the podcast by skimming through your notes and the podcast transcript. The podcasts are very appealing to those who don't like the traditional learning experience of just reading books. These podcasts give learners a great platform for learning various aspects of English grammar.

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Testing

You will find flashcard board games for children to learn their first words. The flashcards have pictures and the name of the object. The game was to identify the picture. The same flashcards can be a very effective tool for adults to learn English. You can create these flashcards using words and meaning. You can also include a sentence for a better understanding of the word. Adding images or graphics will improve your retention power. Flashcards are small rectangle or square-shaped cards with the word written on one side and the meaning on the other side. Keep these cards with you at all times till you learn the word. Whether you are watching TV, lying on the couch or going somewhere in a bus, just have a quick look at the flashcards and try to recall the meaning. If you can't then flip the card and see the meaning. Sometimes, mix up the cards and then quiz yourself the meaning of a particular word that appears on your randomly selected flashcard.

Benefits of flashcards

These simple flashcards have proven to be more effective than any other method of improving vocabulary. Here are some benefits of flashcards. Improved vocabulary: These cards will help to enhance your vocabulary by introducing words systematically and reinforcing their meanings. Better retention: Remembering the words is very difficult. Flashcards allow better retention of new words. Improved language proficiency: As you practice new words with flashcards regularly, your English language skills will improve including listening, reading, writing, and speaking. Flexibility: You can create customized flashcards to suit your needs. You can make them to achieve your specific goal. Convenient: These cards are very handy. You can easily carry them anywhere. So, you can even review the words on the go. Interactive: The digital flashcards are interactive and engaging. You can listen to audio pronunciation, take quizzes, and play games to get an immersive English learning experience. Collaborative learning: There are platforms where you can share your vocabulary cards with the other learners. This offers a collaborative learning community.

Modern vocabulary flashcard tools

The modern vocabulary flashcard tools save you from the hassle of creating the cards by hand using paper and writing them down with a pen. It is a laborious job and many learners avoid using flashcards because of this reason. But now you won't find any excuse not to use these flashcards.

Flashcard Deluxe

This app has lots of features and is compatible with iOS and Android devices. You can create, organize, and also import vocabulary cards here. It supports different types of media like audio and images. You can synchronize it with the cloud storage and use it on different devices according to your convenience.

Anki

It is an open-source platform that provides flashcards and review features. It also supports multimedia elements. Its customizable templates and review features give an amazing experience. It also has the synchronization feature to share the cards with other users. It has spaced repetition algorithm to make the learning outcome more effective.

Memrise

You will have interactive learning experience with a native speaker. It provides an immersive experience and contextual learning opportunity.

AI Applications

AI has transformed the vocabulary learning experience. It can provide personalized word recommendations and adopt different learning styles. It can present data in a suitable way to match the learner's perspective. It also provides interactive features like contextual word usage and pronunciation practice. It can provide pronunciation feedback in real-time to improve the learner's speaking skills. The natural language processing of AI can create example sentences from words and explain their meanings in different contexts.

How to create flashcards

Here are the steps for creating flashcards: Decide on the format: Decide whether you want to create physical or digital flashcards. If you want to make the physical cards, use index cards; write the word on one side and the meaning, pronunciation, sentence, and image (optional) on the other side. The digital cards are made using any word processing software. Just design them in your way the print them. Choose vocabulary carefully: You should choose words that are relevant to your learning goals. You can group the words according to the theme, like food, travel, and others. You can also group them according to the frequency of their use. Add multiple elements: Don't just write the word in the flashcard. At the back write the meaning, example sentence, synonym, and antonym. It will help to remember the words. Be brief: Flashcards are supposed to be handy and convenient. So, don't put too much information and make them cluttered. Make sure the cards are easy to read. Visuals: You can add images or symbols to explain the words better. You can use icons or emojis too to create an interactive experience. Find a personal relationship with the words: If you can relate the words to personal experience or interest then it will be easier for you to recall the words. Shuffle and mix: Before reviewing the cards, shuffle and mix the cards so that the flashcards are not in any particular sequence. This way you can test whether you remember the word or not. Review regularly: You must review the flashcards regularly to remember the words. Make sure you apply spaced repetition for better retention. You can have daily reviews for a short time. You can set up weekly reviews too. Building a rich vocabulary is essential for being fluent in English. Good vocabulary also improves comprehension skills so you can understand spoken and written content better. Categorizing the flashcards into different themes will result in more effective learning. Just learning the words in the cards once is not enough. You must review them repeatedly. Once you understand the meaning of the words you should try to use them in your everyday conversation.

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Testing

People want to learn English for various reasons. Some want to study abroad or do a job, and others want to settle down or do business in a foreign country. There is another group of people who want to learn English for self-satisfaction. As English is the most common language used around the world, you don't need too many reasons to learn it. Knowing good English can improve your communication and professional performance in your native country as well. Language takes a long time to learn. So, there is a high chance that you will lose your interest. But if you set small, specific, and attainable goals, then you can stay on track and continue learning English. These specific goals will help you to look at the bigger picture. Here are some common goals you can set for learning English.

Study for 10 minutes a day

This goal is very small, yet many people will find it difficult to achieve. So, just allocate 10 minutes of your time every day to writing, reading, or listening to something in English. It is better to fix a particular time of the day too for this activity. That way you will develop a habit and stick to the routine.

Increase vocabulary

Vocabulary is a big problem area for many learners. So, you must spend more time learning new words. You can set a goal to learn 10 new words and their meanings every day. The task shouldn't be just limited to memorizing the meaning. You must write them in sentences. You can either write individual sentences or write a story using those words. Once you learn how to apply the new words in your writing, you won't easily forget the words. You can categorize the vocabulary list, like, 'environment', 'business', 'entertainment', etc. That is you will find out vocabularies on these themes and make a separate list for each theme. You must create flashcards to quickly remember the new words.

Public speaking

Most people are scared of public speaking. Even if a person is good in English will hesitate to speak publicly. So, this must be one of your goals. In academic and professional lives you will have to present projects and conduct meetings. If you are not comfortable talking in public then you will find it difficult to express your thoughts or guide your team. To get good at public speaking you must practice every day. So, this must be part of your short-term goals. You can practice talking in front of a mirror for 5 minutes on your favorite topic, record it, and then listen. If you do it regularly you will find a pattern of your weakness in speech. So, you can improve in those areas. You should focus on the smoothness of delivery. Try to get rid of filler words like 'ah' and 'um'. You don't need to speak fast; go slow taking short pauses when needed. You shouldn't feel embarrassed with your accent. Not everyone will have a native accent. You just need to learn how to talk clearly.

Listen to native speakers and understand them

You must listen to the speeches of native speakers regularly to check out their pronunciations. You can listen to podcasts or watch movies. When hearing them talk, try to understand the tone and style of their talk. Following their aspect is one aspect of learning; you must also understand them. The accents of native people are different depending on the country you visit. So, you must understand the different accents. There are differences in spelling and grammar between the US and UK English. You must learn those too. Understanding how the native people speak is difficult due to the connected speech. They don't pronounce the words the way it's shown in books. They say a word in a way that reduces the connectivity of sounds and words. So, words are not often said separately. For example, 'Go out' sounds like 'Gowout', or 'Is he busy?' will sound like 'Isi busy?' The native people also use 'chunking'. They use groups of words to make sentences instead of individual words.

How to write down goals

First, define the purpose of learning English; that is, whether for travel, study, or other reasons. Once you understand the purpose it will be easier for you to set meaningful goals. Next, you must make your goals specific and measurable. Don't have a vague goal in mind. For example, 'memorize 10 words a day' is an example of a specific and measurable goal. You should then break down the goals into smaller milestones. By creating a timeline you can make your language learning journey challenging. Finally, you must track your progress always. Once you achieve these small goals don't forget to celebrate. So, once you know how to set goals, you will find ways to achieve them. As now you will get results soon, you will feel motivated to learn English. Seeing the small outcomes of your efforts will make you happy and satisfied. You will now have a systematic approach to learning English. This way the chance of being successful is more. Once you set achievable goals, you will continue learning to see the other side of the tunnel. You know that something outstanding is waiting for you there and you just need to walk that extra mile to get it. Setting these goals also reduces stress. If you don't divide your goals into small chunks there will be a long time gap between setting goals and achieving them. You will lose hope in the middle and get frustrated. The small attainable goals keep you on track all the time.

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Testing

The way people learn English varies. Some people prefer getting enrolled in a course; whereas others rely on self-study. If you fall in the second category then you must read on. Many people have scored really high on the English proficiency test through self-study. So, it's a misconception that you cannot score well without a tutor or coaching center. If you want to self-study then you must apply some simple techniques to achieve your learning goals.

Learn phrases

It is better to learn new phrases than individual words. That way you will know in which context the word is used. Also, by learning the phrases you will be able to recall the words easily. Books can teach you grammar and new words but they can't teach you how to talk.

Use 'listening' strategies

Of course, reading is an effective way to learn the language, but you must also try listening strategies. Predicting the content of TV programs is a good listening strategy. For example, when a man sees a pretty lady waiting for a taxi in the rain, what will he say to her? Probably he will be offering help. Now carefully listen to how he does that. By predicting a conversation, the words related to that situation are triggered in our brains. Another strategy is to watch programs that provide detailed information about something.

Prioritize quality and not quantity

Don't try to memorize too many words at a time. That way you won't remember anything. You should learn a few words each time and try to recall its meaning.

Learn grammar with stories

Just memorizing grammar rules won't help. Read stories and identify the type of grammar used. You will find use of different tenses, verbs, articles, and others.

Watch movies

Watching movies is a very effective way to improve your English. Pick movies with nice stories and strong characters. First, try to watch the dubbed version of the movie in your native language. Then watch the English version with subtitles. The English phrases will become familiar to you. By watching movies, you can practice pronunciation too.

Write sentences

Pick a phrase with a different structure and write it down. If you come across a new word, put that word in a sentence. Try using the word in different ways in the sentence. This way you will learn the new word and also different grammatical structures.

Learn to spell

You can print out a text and after looking at it write it down on a piece of paper. Then check for spelling mistakes. Write down the misspelled words again. This way you will learn the correct spelling of words.

Have a conversation with a native speaker

You should find a native speaker to practice conversation. Try to convince him or her to give you 2 hours 3 times every week. You will improve all aspects of English through these conversations.

Listen to music

Listen to English music and look for the lyrics. Try to understand the lyrics. If you are new to any word, just google it. You will learn new words and sentence structures from these lyrics.

Practice online English quizzes

You will find various websites offering English quizzes on grammar, comprehension, and sentence construction. Practice those to improve your grammar. Some of these sites provide an analysis of the answers you did wrong.

Be active on social media

By publishing posts related to current affairs or commenting on a friend's picture, you will practice your English writing. You can share jokes and stories on your page. As the online social environment is relaxing, you can easily express your thoughts. You should read interesting news from your social media as well.

Read e-books and online magazines

Do lots of reading activities to improve your English skills. You can read e-books, online magazines, and articles to sharpen your mind. You will see new words and sentence structures.

Practice writing

Every day you must practice at least one writing. Choose any topic and start writing. You must learn the proper writing structure and then write accordingly. Here are some writing suggestions: • Write down events and appointments on the calendar and grocery list • Keep a journal • Comment on social media posts • Tweet your thoughts • Write inspirational quotes and understand their meanings • Practice dictation • Write a blog mentioning your hobbies and interests, fictional stories, and more. • Get writing feedback from a native speaker.

Join language learning communities

You can join language exchange websites to find someone who would be interested in talking to you. There are other communities and forums available where you can join and discuss your status of English learning. You can share your story and know theirs.

Speak in English

Try to speak in English at home, office, or with friends. The more you speak the more fluent you will become and can perform well on the English proficiency exam. You can join debate clubs for speaking practice. You can record your speech on various topics and let a native-speaker friend check it out and suggest improvements.

Take practice tests

Arrange past papers of TOEFL, IELTS, or other English proficiency tests and practice as many as possible. They often come with the answers. You will find websites that explain the various answers so that the learners can learn from their mistakes.

Use online resources

There are lots of online resources available for teaching English. You can get access to podcasts, magazines, books, and other things. With these tips, you can get a good score on your English proficiency test. It is possible to learn English completely through self-study. You just need to be determined and patient.

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Testing

It is a common practice among many of us to maintain a journal for writing personal everyday accounts. It is supposed to be something confidential. But have you ever thought that journals can be kept for learning purposes as well? In fact, journaling has proven to be very effective in learning English. To start with it, you need to write down your personal learning goals first. Use the journal to track your progress regularly. This way you will learn about the challenges you are facing. Eventually, you will reach your goal. When you see that you are slowly moving towards your goal you will feel less stress and anxiety.

Benefits of a language learning journal

Journaling in learning is a natural way of writing your everyday progress. Noting your everyday activity with the language helps you to refocus on your goal and recap what you have learned. You will write what new things you have learned and the things you found confusing. You can write the list of vocabulary you have learned that day, comment on the learning style, and more. By maintaining a journal, you can write down all your achievements and goals you want to reach.

Ways to use Language Learning Journal

In your English learning journey, you can use the journal in many ways. Some of the ideas are presented here.

Keep track of your progress

At the beginning of your learning journey, set your goals. Then every day record your progress. When you will go back to this you will realize how much effort you have given to your learning and feel satisfied about it. You can also look back to identify reasons for not reaching goals sometimes.

Find gaps in vocabulary

Observe your writing every day and see if you are using proper words or repeating the same word. This way you can identify the gap in your vocabulary. Realizing that it's your personal space, you can criticize your writing and come up with ideas to improve it.

Language learning habits

When you read back your journal every day you will notice your language learning habit. See if you are spending more time on vocabulary or less time on grammar. You may discover that you learn better at a particular time of the day, especially memorizing vocabulary. By writing a journal you will become aware of your language learning habits and set your next goals accordingly.

Note down new words and phrases

The key to remembering new words and phrases is to look at them again and again. When you put the words down in your journal, you will have the opportunity to review them every day. So, the words will be eventually stored in your long-term memory.

How to create a journal

Creating a journal is very easy. All you need is a blank notebook, colorful Post-its, a pen, and a highlighter. You must divide your journal into many sections. One way to do so is to use different colored post-its to mark the sections. So, you can easily turn over to the section you want to refer to. The first section of your journal must be writing down your goal. You can write specific goals about learning grammar rules or word groups, for example. You must set a timeframe too. You must create a daily schedule and stick to it to reach your goals. Dedicate a section to new words and phrases. You must include synonyms and antonyms too. Place each new word in a sentence to help you remember the word. You should have a section for word building; that is, changing a word from noun to verb, adverb, and adjective. Use a table to build words, that is, have separate columns for nouns, verb, adjectives, and adverbs. You must have a section for words and expressions based on themes, like travel, restaurants, meetings, hospitals, etc. Learning social norms through proper expression is an important part of your language learning. Throughout the language learning process, you will be practicing past papers from the English proficiency exams. Write down about your performance in these tests in your journal. You will be able to reflect upon them and identify room for improvement.

Tips for keeping the journal

To make sure that you are successful in keeping the journal you should find a good time to write it. Maintain the same time every day so you can get into the habit. You are not expected to write an essay in your journal So, keep things short so that you don't lose the motivation to write. Don't try to focus on multiple aspects every day. Just focus on one at a time. Read the previous pages of the journal regularly to see your progress. It will motivate you to continue writing the journal. Keep the journal in a safe place so that others can't see it. But if you have a language instructor or a friend who is a native-English speaker then you can show your journal to them. They can give you suggestions on how to improve your learning. You can also write down the feedback you get in your journal. Writing a journal is a great way to discover yourself. You will get to know the things you have learned, problem areas, and ways to improve learning. The journal will help you to analyze your feelings about learning good English. Just spending 5 minutes a day to write down the tasks you have done to achieve your language learning goal will significantly improve your learning journey.

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Testing

If you decide to settle abroad or go there for higher studies, then you need to know how to communicate with the local people there. If you decide to go to an English-speaking country then you must pass an English proficiency test. The score that you have to achieve depends on your chosen institution. All the exams like TOEFL, IELTS, etc. test your English skills in four categories: reading, writing, listening, and speaking. You will find lots of resources online to practice reading, writing, and listening skills. But it is difficult to practice speaking. A common advice you will get regarding the practice of speaking is that you should practice standing in front of a mirror. But this method of practicing is not that effective. You need to practice conversations with a partner to get the best results. Of course, you can request a friend of yours to help you. But it is better to practice with someone who is good in English or is a native speaker. You can look for such a person in your neighborhood, office, or college. But there are sites available today that make it easy to search for an English conversation partner online.

Meetup

It is a platform where like-minded people meet up. After you sign up you can search your city for English conversation groups. Then you can find someone who matches your interests and needs. Once you find someone, it is not necessary to meet the person online. You can have a one-to-one conversation outside the group. People getting in touch with this platform often decide to meet face-to-face in any event.

Language exchange apps

These apps pair up two people who want to learn each other's language. For example, you may speak French but want to learn English. On the other hand, an English-speaking person may want to learn French. So, you two can exchange the teaching services. 'Tandem' and 'HelloTalk' are examples of such apps. In HelloTalk you can carry out conversation not only verbally, but through texts and voice messages as well. These platforms and the method of learning English give the opportunity to learn about others' cultures.

Social media

You have a lot of friends on social media. You can write a post saying that you need an English conversation partner. You can send your request to a few Facebook groups or WhatsApp groups. YouTube is another platform to find a partner. You will find several YouTube videos on English speaking. If you go through the comments section you will find many people looking for speaking partners.

Reddit language community

You can join larger language communities like Reddit. You will find here people seeking conversation partners. Try to give your criteria and see if it matches with that of the other person. You can mention your preferred topic of conversation.

English chat website

You can find a partner in an English chat website like 'Interpals' where you can practice speaking with native speakers. You can also carry out the conversation in groups. These websites provide a comfortable and fun platform for practicing English.

Online tutors

Websites or apps like iTalki, Preply, or Verbling allow conversation with strangers. It is one of the most effective ways to improve your speaking ability. You can choose from many different tutors, all experienced. They will give you feedback on your speaking ability and help you improve it. These apps have become quite popular all over the world and they support multiple languages. So, you can use these apps to learn other languages as well. Once you find a partner to practice your English, introduce yourself and ask the person the same. This way you can lighten up the conversation. By knowing about each other you can come to a comfort zone and talk freely. You must then discuss each other's expectations. For example, you must decide on the duration of the conversation and the rate. Before starting the conversation practice, you must make some preparations, like deciding on the topic of conversation. Always ask for feedback about your speech and take down notes about it. Later, you can go through these notes and find out what must be done to improve your speech. Ask questions if you have to clarify matters. During your conversation, if you don't understand something the other person is saying, ask that person to repeat it. You won't be able to learn English the shortcut way. To improve speaking skills, you must get into conversations with your partner. These conversations will let you actively learn English. In the sites just mentioned, you will find English learning partners to match your various skill levels. They will also provide you with immediate feedback regarding your act. Thus, you will identify your mistake right away and try to improve your performance by taking necessary measures. When choosing a partner, it is not necessary to have a native speaker. Though there are advantages of having a native speaker like knowing the right pronunciation of a word, there are benefits of choosing a non-native partner as well. The non-native partner can point out mistakes made by most non-native people. With practice, you will become a more confident speaker. You will have a fun learning experience with a partner. Start practicing speaking many months before your English Proficiency exam. Over the months, your speaking ability will drastically improve. You will notice the change yourself in your accent, use of words, and speech.

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